Adult forearm fractures involve injuries to the long bones of the lower arm and can significantly affect daily function. Since the forearm plays a key role in lifting, gripping, and arm movement, timely evaluation and care are essential.
At Orthopaedic Associates of Zanesville, our specialists help patients return to function safely and confidently. If you have concerns about an arm injury, our team is available to guide you. Contact our office in Zanesville, Ohio, today to schedule a visit.
The forearm is made up of the forearm bones known as the radius and ulna, which connect the wrist to the upper arm. These structures allow bending, straightening, and smooth forearm rotation, while also supporting the hand during lifting and pushing. The ulna forms a stable hinge with the humerus at the elbow joint, while the radius enables rotational movement.
When discussing fractures of the forearm, it is important to understand how these bones interact. Because the bones of the forearm function as a unit, injury to one often affects the other. Expert evaluation through a dedicated orthopaedic trauma specialist can help ensure an accurate diagnosis and coordinated care.
A forearm fracture occurs when force causes one or two bones in the lower arm to crack or break. Injuries may involve both the radius and the ulna, or affect only one bone, depending on the mechanism of injury. The fracture pattern can range from a clean line to multiple bone fragments.
Some injuries result in radius and ulna fractures, which are more complex due to loss of alignment and stability. These cases often require close monitoring to ensure proper healing and restoration of motion. Adult fractures take longer to heal than fractures in children.
In adults, most forearm fractures result from high-energy trauma. A fall onto an outstretched arm is common, especially during sports or icy conditions. A strong direct blow to the arm can also lead to a broken forearm, particularly in contact sports. Motor vehicle accidents and workplace injuries are also frequent causes.
In severe cases, the injury may involve joint dislocation or damage to surrounding tissues.
Symptoms usually appear immediately after injury. Patients often report the following symptoms:
Other signs include bruising, tenderness at the fracture site, and difficulty using the hand. In rare situations, the skin may be pierced, creating an open fracture that requires urgent care.
During evaluation, a physician will review how the injury occurred and perform a physical exam. Imaging studies confirm the location and extent of the injury and identify whether the radius and ulna are both involved.
The doctor also checks circulation, nerve function, and signs of complications.
X-rays are usually ordered to see if the bone remains aligned or is displaced. They will also check to see how many pieces of broken bone there are.
Treatment depends on alignment, stability, and patient activity level. Some stable injuries can heal with immobilization, while others need surgical treatment to restore anatomy. Procedures may include plates and screws for internal fixation or temporary external fixation in complex cases.
Fixing the bone during healing ensures a good union and reduces the risk of a re-fracture. Pain control measures focus on comfort and safe pain relief during healing.
Several complications may occur with adult forearm fractures.
The sharp ends of broken bones can damage nearby blood vessels or nerves at the time of injury, leading to circulation or sensation problems.
Significant swelling and bleeding can also cause compartment syndrome, a serious condition that usually develops within 24 to 48 hours of the injury. It results in severe pain with finger movement and can threaten hand function if not treated promptly. Emergency surgery is required to relieve pressure and restore blood flow. Additional procedures such as delayed wound closure or skin grafting may be necessary.
With open fractures, the risk of infection is higher because the bone is exposed to the external environment. Bone infections can be difficult to treat and may require multiple surgeries along with prolonged antibiotic treatment.
Recovery timelines vary based on injury severity and treatment method. After immobilization or surgery, guided physical therapy helps restore motion and strength. Gradual activity progression protects healing structures and improves flexibility.
Adhering to rehabilitation instructions is critical for regaining full use of the arm and returning to work or sports safely.
With appropriate care, most adults regain good function and strength. Addressing alignment early and following a structured recovery plan improves long-term results.
If you suspect an arm injury or have ongoing pain after an accident, early evaluation matters. Contact Orthopaedic Associates of Zanesville to schedule an appointment and receive personalized care from experienced orthopaedic specialists. Our orthopaedic specialists in Zaneville, OH, are ready to help.
Medically reviewed by Joshua Burka, DO
Testimonials
Most adult injuries heal within several months, depending on severity, treatment method, and overall health.
Not all cases require surgery. Stable fractures may heal with immobilization, while unstable injuries often benefit from operative care.
Yes, with proper rehabilitation and adherence to therapy, many patients regain near-normal motion and strength.
Severe pain, numbness, visible deformity, or wounds with exposed bone require urgent evaluation.
